English Literature:The Analysis Of Non-Literal Meaning In Selected Poems By Anne Bronte

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study Language is a system of communication which is needed in human life. Language is  primary means for human beings to communicate. Hornby (2000:752) states that language is the  system of communication in speech and writing that is used by people of a particular country.

 Based on that above statements we know that language is an important thing in humans life and  make humans understand and can communicate easily with others in social life. To be able to  communicate, humans must learn about the language and the meaning of every word  in  language. The content of communication is also organized in a system of language, what human  beings want to talk about is in sounds that are heard or written in symbols that are read.

 The study about language is called Linguistics. One of the branches in linguistics which  concern with meaning is called Semantics. Leech(1981:1) states “semantics is the study of the  meaning of words, phrases, or sentences in the language or semantics is the study of linguistics  meaning”. The meaning of word can be defined based on the particular context and the particular  discipline; forexample:  -  Her face become red when she looks on you  -  Her mother give me light red to married her  In the sentences above, red may mean several different meaning, based on different  context. First example “red” means that “she” become ashamed of a man. In second sentence  “red” means that “her mother” doesn’t give a permission to a man. So the word “red” has  different meaning, according to when we used it in differen context and discipline.

 There are two varieties of meaning in Semantics, linguistic meaning and speaker’s meaning. The linguistics meaning of an expression is simply the meanings of that expression in  some forms of language. Meanwhile, speaker’s meaning is what a speaker means in producing  an utterance (Leech 1981:8). Speaker’s meaning is divided in two different types, literal meaning  and non literal meaning.

 Lyons (1977:10) explained that if a speaker is always speaking literally based on the real  or lexical meaning of utterances. For example, “she is a smart student”, this sentence have literal  meaning. The sentence means that “she” is a smart or clever student and has good knowledge, it  also showedan ability in study.

 However, a speaker sometimes speak literally, therefore, means what his words means,  but sometimes the speaker speak non-literally, therefore, means something different from what  his words means and to tell the listener another meaning of his word. So, non literal meaning is very important to understand to avoid misunderstanding of meaning between speaker and  listener.

  Non-literal used in a language is traditionally called figurative language. In a case of nonliteral meaning, there is a number of different ways the speaker or writer expresses their idea.

 Some of then are using figures of speeches such as, facetiously, exaggeratedly, hyperbole, simile,  metaphor etc.

 Based on the explanation above, we can say that non-literal meaning is one way to  express our idea or thought by saying one thing means another. Non literal expression are often  found in literary works such as novels, plays, short stories, poems or even in lyrics of song. In  this thesis the writer wants to analyze about non-literal meaning in poems. In poems the authors  often use the words which has non-literal meaning.

 Poems  is traditionally written art form in which human language is used for its aesthetic  qualities in addition to, or instead of, its national and semantic content.  Poems express  a  conversation or an intercharge that is grounded in the most deeply feeling of experiences of  human beings. Poems is often created from the desire to escape the logical, as well as expressing  feeling other expressions in tight, condensed manner. Poems use of nuance and symbolism can  make it difficult to translate. The poets create poems not only make a sentence but also to bring  meanings because every word that they are creating his meaningful. They create the poems is to  express their feeling or experiences in their life.

 Poet ally makes poems to express their feeling about something. In this study the  writer wants to discuss about poems of Anne Bronte. Anne Bronte (17 January 1820 – 28 May  1849) was a British novelist and poet, the youngest member of the Bronte literary family. The  daughter of a poor Irish clergyman in the Church of England, Anne Bronte lived most of her life  with her family at the parish of Haworth on the Yorkshire moors. For a couple of years she went   to a boarding school. At the age of 19 she left Haworth and worked as a governess between 1839  and 1845. After leaving her teaching position, she fulfilled her literary ambitions. She wrote a  volume of poetry with her sisters (Poems by Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell, 1846) and two novels.

 Anne's life was cut short when she died of pulmonary tuberculosisat the age of 29.

 In this thesis the writer adopted figurative expressions which are found in Anne Bronte  poems. Figurative (Hornby, 2000:494) is used in a way that is different from the al meaning,  in order to create a particular mental image. In this study the writer selected several poems of  Anne Bronte and the writer will discuss and find out about the meaning every couplet in lyrics of  Anne Bronte poems. There are five poems of Anne Bronte which selected by the writer.

 1.2 Problem of the Study According to the background explained above, there are some problems that appeared in  this research. The problems are: 1.  What are the types of non literal meaning found in Anne Bronte’s selected poems.

 2.  What is the most dominant type of non literal meaning found in Anne Bronte’s  selected poems.

 1.3 Objectives of the Study Concerning with the problem above, this analysis is intended to some objectives, namely:  1.  To find out the types of non literal meaning in Anne Bronte’s selected poems.

 2.  To describe the types of non literal meaning are found in Anne Bronte’s selected  poems.

  1.4 Scope of the Study In a research, it is important for the writer to limit the analysis in order to concentrate on  a spesific object that has been chosen in order to get the best result from it. This would help the  writer toavoid over complicating the issues and analysis.

 This research was limited to discussion of the types of non literal meaning as proposed by  Irawan (2012: 5), where as descripton of non literal meaning are summarized from Lyons (1977:  11), Keraf (1991: 112) and wikipedia.

 1.5 Significance of the Analysis This thesis is expected to enrich the literature in the study of meaning and add the  knowledge of the students of language in terms of semantic, especially to understand non literal  meaning. And it also can help the students or readers to digest the horizon of the poems.

English Literature:The Analysis Of Non-Literal Meaning In Selected Poems By Anne Bronte
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